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woodmart_hide_small=”0″ woodmart_hide_extra_small=”0″][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row mobile_bg_img_hidden=”no” tablet_bg_img_hidden=”no” woodmart_parallax=”0″ woodmart_gradient_switch=”no” row_reverse_mobile=”0″ row_reverse_tablet=”0″ woodmart_disable_overflow=”0″][vc_column][vc_empty_space woodmart_hide_large=”0″ woodmart_hide_medium=”0″ woodmart_hide_small=”0″ woodmart_hide_extra_small=”0″][woodmart_title align=”left” style=”underlined” woodmart_css_id=”5ca31f8ae2e84″ title=”Alte denumiri” title_width=”100″ subtitle=”Fenicul (Foeniculum vulgare)”][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row el_id=”caractere-morfologice” mobile_bg_img_hidden=”no” tablet_bg_img_hidden=”no” woodmart_parallax=”0″ woodmart_gradient_switch=”no” row_reverse_mobile=”0″ row_reverse_tablet=”0″ woodmart_disable_overflow=”0″][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator color=”white”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space height=”60px” woodmart_hide_large=”0″ woodmart_hide_medium=”0″ woodmart_hide_small=”0″ woodmart_hide_extra_small=”0″][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row mobile_bg_img_hidden=”no” tablet_bg_img_hidden=”no” woodmart_parallax=”0″ woodmart_gradient_switch=”no” row_reverse_mobile=”0″ row_reverse_tablet=”0″ woodmart_disable_overflow=”0″][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_empty_space woodmart_hide_large=”0″ woodmart_hide_medium=”0″ woodmart_hide_small=”0″ woodmart_hide_extra_small=”0″][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][woodmart_title align=”left” style=”underlined” woodmart_css_id=”5ca31f92d6109″ title=”Caractere morfologice” title_width=”100″ subtitle=”Fenicul (Foeniculum vulgare)”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text text_larger=”no”]Plantă erbacee, bianuală sau perenă, înaltă de 80-250 cm. Rădăcina pivotantă, cărnoasă, cu puţine ramificaţii laterale. Tulpina foarte ramificată încă de la bază, cilindrică, fin striată, fistuloasă. Frunzele glabre, de 3-4 ori penat-sectate, cu segmente filiforme, asemănătoare celor de Mărar; cele bazale peţiolate iar celelalte sesile, toate cu o vagină în formă de glugă. Florile grupate în inflorescenţe – umbele, fără involucru, cu 8-16 radii inegale, fiecare cu 12-20 flori; fiecare floare are caliciul redus, 5 petale mici galbene-aurii, lungi de cca 1 mm şi îndoite spre interior. Fructele – diachene ovoide cu 5 coaste proeminente, nearipate, de culoare cenuşiu-verzuie, iar coastele galben-verzui. Înfloreşte în lunile iulie-septembrie.
Răspândită exclusiv în culturi. Este pretenţioasă faţă de căldură şi lumină, sensibilă la variaţiile de temperatură; se dezvoltă bine pe soluri nisipoase-argiloase, fertile, de preferinţă cernoziomurile cu apă freatică la adâncime.
Părţile utilizate: Fructus Foeniculi – fructele.
Recoltare:
Se face în 2 faze: în prima fază se adună manual, prin tăiere cu foarfeca umbelele superioare care ajung primele la maturitate, după circa 1 săptămână se face recoltarea mecanică cu combina a întregii recolte. Recoltarea se face dimineaţa sau seara pentru a se evita scuturarea fructelor. Plantele se leagă în snopi şi se aşează în picioare pentru uscare. După 2-3 zile se treieră apoi se vântură. Fructele au miros plăcut caracteristic, aromat, gustul dulceag, slab arzător.
Uscarea:
Fructele se depozitează în încăperi aerate, dezinfectate, în straturi subţiri si se întorc zilnic până la uscarea completă.
Randamentul la uscare: 6-7/1 – fructele.
Condiţiile tehnice de recepţie admit ca impurităţi: resturi de codiţe şi alte părţi din plantă-max. 1%, fructe zdrobite înnegrite sau seci-max. 0,5%, corpuri străine organice-max. 1,5%, minerale-max. 0,5%, umiditate-max. 12%.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row mobile_bg_img_hidden=”no” tablet_bg_img_hidden=”no” woodmart_parallax=”0″ woodmart_gradient_switch=”no” row_reverse_mobile=”0″ row_reverse_tablet=”0″ woodmart_disable_overflow=”0″ el_id=”compoziție-chimică”][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator color=”white”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space height=”60px” woodmart_hide_large=”0″ woodmart_hide_medium=”0″ woodmart_hide_small=”0″ woodmart_hide_extra_small=”0″][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row mobile_bg_img_hidden=”no” tablet_bg_img_hidden=”no” woodmart_parallax=”0″ woodmart_gradient_switch=”no” row_reverse_mobile=”0″ row_reverse_tablet=”0″ woodmart_disable_overflow=”0″][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_empty_space woodmart_hide_large=”0″ woodmart_hide_medium=”0″ woodmart_hide_small=”0″ woodmart_hide_extra_small=”0″][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][woodmart_title align=”left” style=”underlined” woodmart_css_id=”5ca31f9c45225″ title=”Compoziție chimică” title_width=”100″ subtitle=”Fenicul (Foeniculum vulgare)”][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text text_larger=”no”]Fructele conţin ulei esenţial format din 50-60% anetol; lipide-cca 15%, aleuronă, derivaţi cumarinici, flavonoide, zaharuri, substanţe minerale, mucilagii, ceruri, stigmasterină.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row mobile_bg_img_hidden=”no” tablet_bg_img_hidden=”no” woodmart_parallax=”0″ woodmart_gradient_switch=”no” row_reverse_mobile=”0″ row_reverse_tablet=”0″ woodmart_disable_overflow=”0″ el_id=”utilizare”][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_separator color=”white”][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space height=”60px” woodmart_hide_large=”0″ woodmart_hide_medium=”0″ woodmart_hide_small=”0″ woodmart_hide_extra_small=”0″][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row mobile_bg_img_hidden=”no” tablet_bg_img_hidden=”no” woodmart_parallax=”0″ woodmart_gradient_switch=”no” row_reverse_mobile=”0″ row_reverse_tablet=”0″ woodmart_disable_overflow=”0″][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_empty_space woodmart_hide_large=”0″ woodmart_hide_medium=”0″ woodmart_hide_small=”0″ woodmart_hide_extra_small=”0″][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][woodmart_title align=”left” style=”underlined” woodmart_css_id=”5ca31fa49dbe7″ title=”Ultilizare” title_width=”100″ subtitle=”Fenicul (Foeniculum vulgare)”][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text text_larger=”no”]Antispastică şi carminativă;
– Galactogogă – stimulează creşterea secreţiei de lapte;
– Fluidifiantă a secreţiilor bronhice;
– Sedativă;
– Diuretic-depurativă – neutralizează toxinele;
– Tonic-stomahic şi vermifugă;
– Stimulentă a circulaţiei periferice;
– Estrogenică – cu rol în scăderea în greutate.
Recomandări:
Preparatele din Fenicul sunt complementare în: afecţiuni digestive (colici, flatulenţă, meteorism, indigestii, anorexii) şi hepato-biliare, bronşite, astm bronşic, helmintiaze, obezitate.
Mod de folosire:
Intern-infuzie din 1 linguriţă fructe zdrobite la 200 ml apă, se beau 1-2 ceaiuri pe zi. Prima jumătate de cană se bea dimineaţa înainte de mâncare, a doua jumătate se bea după masa de prânz. Al doilea ceai se împarte în două, administrate înainte şi după cină.
Extern-infuzie pentru gargară în laringite, faringite, gingivite.
Contraindicaţii:
În ulcer gastric şi duodenal, enterocolite.
Nu se administrează în epilepsie şi în sarcină
La doze mari produce fenomene toxice cu somnolenţă şi halucinaţii.
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- Dr.Biolog Pop Maria,Prof.Dr.Farm.Bojor Ovidiu- Fitoterapia în folosul tuturor,Ed.Medicală 2010
- Dr.Biolog Pop Maria,Dr.Farm.Pop Andrea,Dr.farm.Pop Oana,Dr.Farm.Pop Octavian Vasile-Terapia cu plante medicinale și suplimente alimentare,Ed Semne 2016
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